Starvation

Starvation in Java refers to a condition where a thread is unable to access a shared resource or get CPU time because other higher-priority threads are constantly using the resource. As a result, the thread is blocked and waits indefinitely, leading to a situation called starvation.

To avoid starvation, it is essential to implement proper synchronization mechanisms in Java. For example, using the synchronized keyword to control access to shared resources, or using the wait and notify methods to regulate the flow of execution among threads.

It's also recommended to assign appropriate priority levels to threads to ensure that low-priority threads are not blocked by high-priority threads. However, this should be done with caution, as it may lead to unpredictable behavior, such as priority inversion, where a low-priority thread can block a high-priority thread.

In conclusion, starvation in Java can have a severe impact on the performance of an application. By implementing proper synchronization mechanisms, assigning appropriate priority levels, and using techniques like lock-based synchronization, starvation can be prevented and ensure the smooth functioning of the application.